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Roman period native farmstead at Hind Gate, 140m south of Green House

Listed on the National Heritage List for England. Search over 400,000 listed places

Overview

Heritage Category:: Scheduled Monument
List Entry Number:: 1017128
Date first listed:: 14-Dec-1999

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Official list entry

Heritage Category:: Scheduled Monument
List Entry Number:: 1017128
Date first listed:: 14-Dec-1999

Location

The building or site itself may lie within the boundary of more than one authority.

District:: County Durham (Unitary Authority)
Parish:: Holwick
National Grid Reference:: NY 90185 26924

Reasons for Designation

In Cumbria and Northumberland several distinctive types of native settlements dating to the Roman period have been identified. The majority were small, non- defensive, enclosed homesteads or farms. In many areas they were of stone construction, although in the coastal lowlands timber-built variants were also common. In much of Northumberland, especially in the Cheviots, the enclosures were curvilinear in form. Further south a rectangular form was more common. Elsewhere, especially near the Scottish border, another type occurs where the settlement enclosure was `scooped' into the hillslope. Frequently the enclosures reveal a regularity and similarity of internal layout. The standard layout included one or more stone round-houses situated towards the rear of the enclosure, facing the single entranceway. In front of the houses were pathways and small enclosed yards. Homesteads normally had only one or two houses, but larger enclosures could contain as many as six. At some sites the settlement appears to have grown, often with houses spilling out of the main enclosure and clustered around it. At these sites up to 30 houses may be found. In the Cumbrian uplands the settlements were of less regimented form and unenclosed clusters of houses of broadly contemporary date are also known. These homesteads were being constructed and used by non-Roman natives throughout the period of the Roman occupation. Their origins lie in settlement forms developed before the arrival of the Romans. These homesteads are common throughout the uplands where they frequently survive as well-preserved earthworks. In lowland coastal areas they were also originally common, although there they can frequently only be located through aerial photography. All homestead sites which survive substantially intact will normally be identified as nationally important.

The Roman period native farmstead at Hind Gate survives well. It forms part of a wider pattern of Roman period native settlement in Upper Teesdale, including several larger settlements, and field systems.

Details

The monument includes a Roman period native farmstead at the top of Holwick Scars at Hind Gate, Upper Teesdale. The farmstead comprises a D-shaped rubble walled hut attached to a small yard. A small rectangular structure occupies the west corner of the yard. The hut is 8m by 8m and has a rubble wall 2m wide and 0.3m high. The north east wall of the hut is formed by the south west side of the yard. The yard is trapezoidal and is 22m by 14m, with rubble walls 0.3m high. The north east side of the yard is incomplete. The north west side is partly formed by a small scar. The rectangular structure is 5m by 4m and is interpreted as a small building. A small heap of stones 4m in diameter and 0.4m high at the north east edge of the site is interpreted as a clearance cairn.

MAP EXTRACT The site of the monument is shown on the attached map extract. It includes a 2 metre boundary around the archaeological features, considered to be essential for the monument's support and preservation.

Legacy

The contents of this record have been generated from a legacy data system.

Legacy System number:: 33495
Legacy System:: RSM

Sources

Books and journals
Coggins, D, 'Upper Teesdale the archaeology of a North Pennine Valley' in Upper Teesdale The Archaeology Of A North Pennine Valley, , Vol. 150, (1986), 102

Legal

This monument is scheduled under the Ancient Monuments and Archaeological Areas Act 1979 as amended as it appears to the Secretary of State to be of national importance. This entry is a copy, the original is held by the Department for Culture, Media and Sport.